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OPENING THE UPANISHADS
उपनिषदःin the light of Sri Aurobindo

The thirteen / Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upanishad / Adhyāya 3 · Brāhmaṇa 5

BṚHADĀRAṆYAKA UPANISHAD · 3.5.1

अथ हैनं कहोलः कौषीतकेयः पप्रच्छ -- याज्ञवल्क्येति होवाच ।
यद् एव साक्षाद् अपरोक्षाद् ब्रह्म य आत्मा सर्वान्तरस् तं मे व्याचक्ष्वेति ।
एष त आत्मा सर्वान्तरः ।
कतमो याज्ञवल्क्य सर्वान्तरः ।
यो ऽशनायापिपासे शोकं मोहं जरां मृत्युम् अत्येति ।
एतं वै तम् आत्मानं विदित्वा ब्राह्मणाः पुत्रैषणायाश् च वित्तैषणायाश् च लोकैषणायाश् च व्युत्थायाथ भिक्षाचर्यं चरन्ति ।
या ह्य् एव पुत्रैषणा सा वित्तैषणा या वित्तैषणा सा लोकैषणा ।
उभे ह्य् एते एषणे एव भवतः ।
तस्माद् ब्रामणः पाण्डित्यं निर्विद्य बाल्येन तिष्ठासेत् ।
बाल्यं च पाण्डित्यं च निर्विद्याथ मुनिः ।
अमौनं च मौनं च निर्विद्याथ ब्राह्मणः ।
स ब्राह्मणः केन स्याद् येन स्यात् तेनेदृश एव ।
अतो ऽन्यद् आर्तम् ।
ततो ह कहोलः कौषीतकेय उपरराम ॥

atha hainaṃ kaholaḥ kauṣītakeyaḥ papraccha -- yājñavalkyeti hovāca ।
yad eva sākṣād aparokṣād brahma ya ātmā sarvāntaras taṃ me vyācakṣveti ।
eṣa ta ātmā sarvāntaraḥ ।
katamo yājñavalkya sarvāntaraḥ ।
yo ’śanāyāpipāse śokaṃ mohaṃ jarāṃ mṛtyum atyeti ।
etaṃ vai tam ātmānaṃ viditvā brāhmaṇāḥ putraiṣaṇāyāś ca vittaiṣaṇāyāś ca lokaiṣaṇāyāś ca vyutthāyātha bhikṣācaryaṃ caranti ।
yā hy eva putraiṣaṇā sā vittaiṣaṇā yā vittaiṣaṇā sā lokaiṣaṇā ।
ubhe hy ete eṣaṇe eva bhavataḥ ।
tasmād brāmaṇaḥ pāṇḍityaṃ nirvidya bālyena tiṣṭhāset ।
bālyaṃ ca pāṇḍityaṃ ca nirvidyātha muniḥ ।
amaunaṃ ca maunaṃ ca nirvidyātha brāhmaṇaḥ ।
sa brāhmaṇaḥ kena syād yena syāt tenedṛśa eva ।
ato ’nyad ārtam ।
tato ha kaholaḥ kauṣītakeya upararāma ॥

Then Kahola Kaushîtakeya asked. 'Yâgñavalkya, 'he said, 'tell me the Brahman which is visible, not invisible, the Self (Âtman), who is within all.' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'This, thy Self, who is within all.' 'Which Self, O Yâgñavalkya, is within all?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'He who overcomes hunger and thirst, sorrow, passion, old age, and death. When Brâhmanas know that Self, and have risen above the desire for sons, wealth, and (new) worlds, they wander about as mendicants. For a desire for sons is desire for wealth, a desire for wealth is desire for worlds. Both these are indeed desires. Therefore let a Brâhmana, after he has done with learning, wish to stand by real strength; after he has done with that strength and learning, he becomes a Muni (a Yogin); and after he has done with what is not the knowledge of a Muni, and with what is the knowledge of a Muni, he is a Brâhmana. By whatever means he has become a Brâhmana, he is such indeed. Everything else is of evil.' After that Kahola Kaushîtakeya held his peace.

F. Max Müller · The Upanishads, Sacred Books of the East 15 (1884)

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